A political ideology advocating for a single-party system 

A social theory that recognizes and respects diversity in society

A religious doctrine promoting the belief in multiple gods

An economic model advocating for state control of all industries

What is pluralism?

Pluralism undermines democracy by promoting division and conflict.

Democracy and pluralism are incompatible concepts.

Pluralism enhances democracy by ensuring diverse representation and perspec

Democracy requires homogeneity and uniformity to function effectively.

Which statement best reflects the relationship between pluralism and democracy?

with higher levels of income and education.

who work in manual labor and unskilled occupations

Members of interest groups in the United States are typically people...

The AARP is an interest group that focuses on advocating for the interests of:

Represent a narrow group of individuals' interests 

Which of the following is NOT a goal of interest groups?

Which of the following is a characteristic of interest groups?

Nonmembers receive the benefits of a group without joining

The government pays its citizens to support their goals

Representatives can support a bill without signing it

What is the free-rider dilemma?

The cooperation between interest groups, government agencies and Members of Congress is also called...

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following is considered a collective good?

What is a characteristic of a public good?

Ensure that all members contribute equally to the group's goals

Discourage participation in collective action efforts

Overcome the free-rider problem by providing incentives for membership

Selective benefits offered by interest groups are designed to...

Universal healthcare coverage for all citizens

Publicly available information about government policies

Which of the following is an example of a selective benefit provided by an interest group?

Which is the following is NOT a method that interest groups use to influence the government?

Winning the presidency in national elections

Controlling a majority of seats in Congress

Shaping public discourse and policy agendas

Bypassing the legislative process entirely

Which of the following is a common way third parties influence the government in the United States?

By ensuring a balanced distribution of power between the branches

By challenging the dominance of the two major parties

By directly appointing candidates to high-ranking government positions

By implementing policies without the approval of the legislative branch

In what way can third parties impact the outcome of elections?

Rarely influenced government policies or elections.

Consistently won the majority of seats in Congress.

 Introduced significant policy changes and influenced elections

always aligned perfectly with the platforms of the two major parties

Which statement best describes the historical role of third parties in the United States?

By directly appointing judges to the courts

By lobbying members of Congress to pass specific legislation

By filing lawsuits and participating in court cases related to their issues

By organizing public protests and demonstrations

How can interest groups influence government policy through the judicial system?

Organizing grassroots efforts within an organization

Seeking support from other groups or organizations outside one's own group

Coordinating lobbying activities with government officials

Engaging in campaigns to enhance the image of the organization

External mobilization involves...

The process of gathering support from outside organizations

The process of organizing members of a group or organization from within

The act of seeking support from international institutions

The process of influencing government policies through lobbying efforts

What is internal mobilization?

Which of the following factors is known to decrease turnout?

Which of the following options is NOT known for impacting turnout?

The process of forming coalitions across party lines

The tendency for political views to become more extreme & divided over time

The promotion of centrist ideologies in political discourse

The process of reducing ideological differences between opposing parties

What is political polarization?

Increased ideological differences between political parties

Which of the following factors contributes to political polarization?

By promoting balanced and nuanced discussions among users

Creating echo chambers where users are exposed only to like-minded opinions

By discouraging political engagement and activism

By fostering bipartisan collaboration and compromise

How does social media influence political polarization?

Promote bipartisan solutions and compromise.

Work to bridge ideological divides and unite opposing factions.

Engage in rhetoric that reinforces partisan divisions and tribalism.

prioritize the interests of the general public over their own party 

What role do political elites play in exacerbating polarization?

 Increased willingness to compromise and negotiate on policy issues

Enhanced political stability and social cohesion

Difficulty in passing legislation due to gridlock and ideological clashes

Decreased voter turnout and participation in elections

Which of the following is a consequence of political polarization?

The process of selecting candidates for political office

Redrawing electoral district boundaries to favor one political party

The practice of registering voters in multiple districts

 Providing financial incentives to encourage voter turnout

What is gerrymandering?

To ensure fair representation for all citizens

To create competitive elections in every district

To maximize the number of seats for a particular political party

To prevent incumbents from being reelected

What is the primary goal of gerrymandering?

The advantage held by political challengers over incumbents in elections

The tendency for elected officials to become more moderate over time

Advantages enjoyed by candidates already in office in seeking reelection

The advantage of having a high approval rating among constituents

What does the term "incumbency advantage" refer to?

Name recognition and visibility in the community

Which of the following factors contributes to the incumbency advantage?

House members serve six-year terms, while Senators serve two-year terms.

House members represent individual states; Senators represent districts

House members have unlimited terms, while Senators are limited to two terms

House members are allocated by population; each state has two Senators

What is a key difference between the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate?

The power to amend legislation before it becomes law

The power to veto bills passed by Congress

The power to interpret and enforce laws passed by Congress

What is the constitutional power of the President regarding legislation passed by Congress?

The bill becomes law without the President's signature.

Congress can override the veto with a 2/3 majority vote in both chambers

The bill is sent back to committee for revision.

What happens if the President vetoes a bill passed by Congress?

A ceremonial figurehead and a chief executive

In a presidential system, the head of government and head of state roles are typically held by...

By appointment from the head of state (monarch or president)

By a vote of confidence from the legislative body

By a committee of senior government officials

In a parliamentary system, how is the head of government (prime minister) chosen?

Powers explicitly granted to the President by the Constitution

Powers inferred from the necessary and proper clause of the Constitution

Powers shared between the federal and state governments

Powers reserved exclusively for the states

What are expressed powers?

Which of the following is NOT an example of an expressed power of the President?

To hold private meetings with key congressional leaders

Communicate directly with the American public & gain support for policies

To consult with foreign heads of state on international issues

To seek advice from legal scholars and constitutional experts

What does it mean for a President to "go public"?

To help organizations run smoothly and efficiently

To conduct diplomatic relations with foreign governments

 To represent the interests of political parties

What is a primary function of bureaucracy in government?

Which of the following is NOT a method used to alter the bureaucracy?

The challenge of coordinating activities between different federal agencies

The conflict of interest between elected officials and their constituents

The difficulty in ensuring that agents act in the interests of principals

The imbalance of power between the President and Congress

What is the principal-agent problem in the context of bureaucracy?

The principle of interpreting laws based on the original intent

The principle of deferring to decisions of higher courts in similar cases

The principle of allowing juries to determine guilt in criminal trials

The principle of judicial review over legislative and executive actions

What is the principle of stare decisis in legal practice?

 It allows judges to disregard previous rulings

It provides consistency and predictability in the interpretation of laws

 It limits the authority of the judiciary in shaping public policy

It encourages arbitrary decision-making by judges

How does precedent contribute to the legal system?

How many Justices serve on the Supreme Court?

How is the number of justices on the Supreme Court determined?

Who appoints federal judges?

 Confirmation by a majority vote in the House of Representatives

Confirmation by a two-thirds vote in the Senate

Appointment by the President without confirmation

Confirmation by a majority vote in the Senate

What is the process for confirming federal judges?

How are state judges typically selected in the United States?

The process of reviewing judicial decisions by higher courts

The process of reviewing laws and actions to determine constitutionality

The process of reviewing evidence presented in a trial

The process of conducting background checks on judicial nominees

What is judicial review?

A philosophy advocating for limited government intervention

A philosophy that emphasizes the limited the role of the government

A philosophy that encourages judges to interpret the Constitution broadly

A philosophy that prioritizes strict interpretation of the Constitution

What is judicial activism?

Credit card companies are interested in the public good

Private interests are hiding behind the ideals of public interests

Public interest groups are now actively involving private corporations

The free-rider problem does not apply to private corporations

When a coalition of credit card companies forms an interest group called "The Partnership to Protect Consumer Credit," this suggests...

Fielding large numbers of electable candidates

Financing large numbers of election campaigns

Empowering less potent segments of society

Representing the interests and encouraging political participation

Organized interest groups enhance American democracy by...

Third party candidates are better off under...

Conflicts in the government create divided factions that mobilize support

Party leaders try to rally support for their platforms once they're in gov.

Citizens deemed to be undesirable outsiders are excluded from a party

A group of politicians outside government organize popular support

Internal mobilization occurs when...

Party leaders try to rally support for their platforms once in office

Citizens deemed undesirable are excluded from the party

External mobilization occurs when...

Seats in the legislature are allocated based on parties' share of the vote

Each political party receives an equal number of seats

Every candidate who receive above a certain percent of the vote get seats

Candidates can only win an election if they receive most of the votes

In a proportional system...

A Senator or Representative running for reelection is called the...

In recent years, ____ percent of the US House's incumbents won re-election.

The process of allocating congressional seats among the fifty states is called...

Automatic veto if the President does not act during the final 30 days