Question 1

Which of the following is the most common form of skin cancer in the U.S.?

Accepted Answer

D) Basal Cell Carcinoma - BCC accounts for approximately 80% of non-melanoma skin cancers in the United States. It originates from basal cells in the epidermis, the skin's outermost layer. These cells can undergo DNA mutations when exposed to UV radiation, leading to uncontrolled growth.

Question 2

Which factor most commonly causes both basal and squamous cell carcinomas?

Accepted Answer

UV radiation from the sun and tanning beds - UV radiation damages the DNA in skin cells, leading to mutations that can result in uncontrolled cell growth, forming these types of skin cancers.

Question 3

Food should NOT be left out at room temperature for more than:

Accepted Answer

2 hours - Food, particularly perishable items, should not be left at room temperature for more than two hours. If the temperature is above 90°F (32°C), this time limit should be reduced to one hour.

Question 4

When should you wear a U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket?

Accepted Answer

While boating, kayaking, or if you’re a weak swimmer - USCG approved life jackets meet specific safety standards, ensuring reliability and effectiveness. It's important to choose a life jacket that fits properly and is appropriate for the intended activity and water conditions.

Question 5

You should apply ice to the area of a snake bite.

Accepted Answer

false Ice constricts blood vessels, which traps venom and concentrates tissue damage, and it can mask visible symptoms needed for medical evaluation.

Question 6

Which of the following is a sign of heat exhaustion?

Accepted Answer

Nausea or vomiting - Nausea and vomiting are signs of heat exhaustion because they indicate the body's struggle to regulate temperature and maintain fluid balance. When exposed to high heat, especially during physical activity, the body loses water and electrolytes through excessive sweating. This depletion can impair normal bodily functions, leading to symptoms like nausea and vomiting.

Question 7

What color changes in a mole should be considered a warning sign for melanoma?

Accepted Answer

Multiple shades of brown, tan, or black, possibly with red, white, or bl - A warning sign for melanoma is a mole that exhibits uneven color. This color variation indicates that the mole is not uniform and may be a cause for concern.

Question 8

Which of the following is a recommended safety tip for fireworks use?

Accepted Answer

Always keep a bucket of water or garden hose nearby - This allows you to quickly extinguish any stray sparks or fires that may occur. This practice is recommended by safety organizations to reduce the risk of fire-related accidents.

Question 9

Which two spiders in the U.S. are considered the most dangerous to humans?

Accepted Answer

Black widow and brown recluse - Both spiders are medically significant because their venoms cause distinct and serious health issues:  Black widow bites primarily cause systemic neurotoxic effects.  Brown recluse bites tend to cause local necrosis and possible systemic illness.

Question 10

After removing a tick, what should you clean the bite area with?

Accepted Answer

Rubbing alcohol or soap and water - These cleaning agents effectively remove dirt and bacteria, minimizing the chance of introducing harmful microorganisms into the skin.

Question 11

After rinsing with vinegar and removing visible tentacles, what is the recommended next step?

Accepted Answer

Soak or apply heat (not ice) to reduce pain - Heat can help inactivate the venom and relieve pain; cold packs are generally not advised for jellyfish stings.

Question 12

What do the ABCDEs of melanoma stand for?

Accepted Answer

Asymmetry, Border, Color, Diameter and Evolution - This rule assists individuals in recognizing early signs of melanoma, which is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Question 13

What is the safest way to help a drowning person?

Accepted Answer

Reach or throw, don’t go - Attempting to rescue a drowning person without proper training can lead to both the rescuer and the victim being at risk. Panicked individuals may unintentionally pull rescuers under the water in their desperate attempts to stay afloat.

Question 14

Which type of skin cancer is the most common among people with darker skin tones?

Accepted Answer

Squamous Cell Carcinoma - This higher incidence is primarily due to chronic inflammation and scarring, which are significant risk factors for SCC in people with darker skin tones.

Question 15

What is the first step in treating a jellyfish sting in most cases?

Accepted Answer

Rinse the area with vinegar or salt water - Vinegar helps neutralize the venom of many jellyfish species; fresh water can cause more stingers to fire.

Question 16

Your risk of melanoma doubles if you've had how many or more sunburns?

Accepted Answer

5 - Sunburns cause DNA damage to skin cells, which can lead to cancer. Even without visible sunburn, unprotected sun exposure still increases skin cancer risk. Protecting your skin with sunscreen, protective clothing, and avoiding peak sun hours can significantly reduce this risk.

Question 17

What is one way to prevent cross-contamination when preparing food?

Accepted Answer

Use separate cutting boards for meat and produce - aw meats, poultry, seafood, and eggs can harbor harmful bacteria such as Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria. If these bacteria come into contact with ready-to-eat foods like fruits, vegetables, or bread, they can cause serious illness. This practice ensures that bacteria from raw foods do not transfer to foods that won't be cooked before consumption.

Question 18

What does the early Lyme disease rash usually look like?

Accepted Answer

Ring-shaped, expanding rash (bull’s-eye) - The characteristic "bull's-eye" rash associated with Lyme disease, known as erythema migrans, typically appears within 3 to 30 days after a tick bite. This rash often starts as a red spot at the site of the bite and expands outward, sometimes developing a central clearing that resembles a target. The rash is usually not painful or itchy and may be warm to the touch.

Question 19

According to CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commision), how should you handle malfunctioning fireworks?

Accepted Answer

Soak them with water and dispose of them - Fireworks contain combustible materials that can remain hazardous even after failing to ignite. If improperly disposed of, these materials can reignite, posing significant risks. You should not call 911 to report fireworks unless there is an immediate emergency, such as a fire or injury.

Question 20

What should you do if someone shows signs of heat stroke?

Accepted Answer

Move them to a cooler place and call 911 - Moving someone with heat stroke to a cool place and calling 911 are vital steps in preventing severe health consequences and ensuring the person's safety.

Question 21

How long does a tick generally need to be attached to transmit Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

More than 24 hours - The bacteria responsible for Lyme disease, Borrelia burgdorferi, are located in the tick's gut and require time to migrate to its salivary glands during feeding.

Question 22

Which of the following should you NOT do for a snake bite?

Accepted Answer

Suck out the venom with your mouth -  Sucking out the venom is not only ineffective, but it can make things worse by causing infection or spreading the venom.

Question 23

What is the primary cause of the allergic skin reaction caused by poison oak, ivy, and sumac?

Accepted Answer

Contact with urushiol oil on the plant surface - When urushiol contacts the skin, it penetrates the outer layer and binds to proteins, altering their structure. The allergic reaction doesn't occur immediately; it typically develops 12 to 72 hours after exposure.

Question 24

What symptoms should you watch for in the 30 days following a tick bite?

Accepted Answer

Rash, fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, joint swelling - Monitoring for symptoms for 30 days after a tick bite is crucial because Lyme disease symptoms can appear anytime between 3 to 30 days post-exposure. If left untreated, Lyme disease can progress to more severe stages, affecting the nervous system, heart, and joints.

Question 25

What does it mean to be water competent?

Accepted Answer

You have swimming skills, water safety knowledge, and can help others - Water competency is a comprehensive approach to water safety that goes beyond swimming ability, incorporating essential skills and knowledge to prevent drowning and ensure safe participation in aquatic activities.

Question 26

What is the most important first step after discovering a tick attached to your skin?

Accepted Answer

Use fine-tipped tweezers to grasp the tick close to the skin & pull gently - Using fine-tipped tweezers is the recommended first step in tick removal because they allow for a firm grip on the tick's mouthparts, minimizing the risk of breaking them off and leaving them embedded in the skin. It's crucial to avoid using home remedies like petroleum jelly, nail polish, or heat to remove ticks, as these methods can irritate the tick, potentially causing it to release more pathogens into the skin .

Question 27

An outdoor worker, working in the heat, starts noticing spasms and soreness in his abdominal muscles. This is likely a sign of:

Accepted Answer

Heat cramps - The abdominal spasms and soreness experienced by the outdoor worker, especially when working in the heat, strongly suggest heat cramps. This is the mildest form of heat illness, characterized by painful muscle spasms and contractions, often occurring in the legs, arms, or stomach.

Question 28

At what body temperature is heat stroke suspected?

Accepted Answer

Above 103°F  - This elevated temperature indicates that the body's cooling mechanisms are overwhelmed, leading to potential damage to vital organs such as the brain, heart, kidneys, and muscles.

Question 29

What is the recommended action if a tick’s mouthparts remain in the skin?

Accepted Answer

Leave it and clean the area with alcohol or soap - The CDC advises that if the mouthparts remain and cannot be easily removed, leaving them alone is acceptable, as the body will eventually shed them during the healing process.

Question 30

Sparklers can burn at temperatures of about how many degrees Fahrenheit?

Accepted Answer

2,000°F - 2,000°F is hot enough to melt metals like aluminum and gold. This intense heat can cause severe burns, including third-degree injuries that may require skin grafts, lead to permanent scarring, or result in loss of function in the hands or fingers. Such burns can also cause blindness if they affect the eyes.

Question 31

What should you do first if someone is bitten by a snake?

Accepted Answer

Call 9-1-1 immediately - Calling 911 immediately after a snake bite is crucial because venomous snake bites can lead to rapid and severe symptoms. Antivenom treatments are most effective when administered soon after the bite. Tourniquets restrict blood flow but do not halt lymphatic circulation, allowing venom to continue spreading. By concentrating venom in a localized area, tourniquets can exacerbate tissue destruction, leading to severe pain, swelling, and necrosis. This can result in permanent damage to the affected limb.

Question 32

What should you do first after a suspected spider bite?

Accepted Answer

Wash the bite with soap and water - Cleaning a spider bite with soap and water is your best first step because it removes surface bacteria and venom, reducing infection risk.

Question 33

Which of these is a sign that someone may be drowning?

Accepted Answer

Silent, vertical, unable to call out - This is due to the body's instinctive drowning response, where the individual focuses solely on keeping their mouth above water to breathe. s a result, they are unable to call out, wave for help, or make noise. The body remains upright, with minimal or no leg movement, and the arms are extended sideways or pressed down to lift the mouth above water. Drowning can be quick and silent.

Question 34

What internal temperature should all poultry, including ground chicken and turkey, be cooked to?

Accepted Answer

165°F - This temperature is sufficient to destroy harmful bacteria like Salmonella and Campylobacter, which are commonly found in raw poultry and can cause foodborne illnesses.

Question 35

Which of the following groups is NOT considered at high risk for serious food poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Teenagers who exercise regularly - High-risk groups include pregnant women, older adults, young children, and people with weakened immune systems (such as those with chronic illnesses or taking immune-suppressing medications).

Question 36

Why does extreme heat put additional stress on the heart?

Accepted Answer

The heart must pump harder and beat faster - In extreme heat, your heart works harder and faster due to your body's need to regulate temperature. To cool down, blood vessels near the skin dilate, increasing blood flow to the skin's surface. This process, known as vasodilation, allows heat to dissipate but also lowers blood pressure. To compensate, the heart beats faster and pumps more forcefully.

Question 37

Where should you keep the bitten area of a snake bite in relation to the heart?

Accepted Answer

Below the heart - Maintaining the limb below heart level helps slow the systemic spread of venom. Elevating the limb above heart level can exacerbate swelling by promoting fluid accumulation in the affected area.

Summer Health & Wellness

2) Which factor most commonly causes both basal and squamous cell carcinomas?

3) Food should NOT be left out at room temperature for more than:

4) When should you wear a U.S. Coast Guard-approved life jacket?

5) You should apply ice to the area of a snake bite.

6) Which of the following is a sign of heat exhaustion?

7) What color changes in a mole should be considered a warning sign for melanoma?

8) Which of the following is a recommended safety tip for fireworks use?

9) Which two spiders in the U.S. are considered the most dangerous to humans?

10) After removing a tick, what should you clean the bite area with?

11) After rinsing with vinegar and removing visible tentacles, what is the recommended next step?

12) What do the ABCDEs of melanoma stand for?

13) What is the safest way to help a drowning person?

14) Which type of skin cancer is the most common among people with darker skin tones?

15) What is the first step in treating a jellyfish sting in most cases?

16) Your risk of melanoma doubles if you've had how many or more sunburns?

17) What is one way to prevent cross-contamination when preparing food?

18) What does the early Lyme disease rash usually look like?

19) According to CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commision), how should you handle malfunctioning fireworks?

20) What should you do if someone shows signs of heat stroke?

21) How long does a tick generally need to be attached to transmit Lyme disease?

22) Which of the following should you NOT do for a snake bite?

23) What is the primary cause of the allergic skin reaction caused by poison oak, ivy, and sumac?

24) What symptoms should you watch for in the 30 days following a tick bite?

25) What does it mean to be water competent?

26) What is the most important first step after discovering a tick attached to your skin?

27) An outdoor worker, working in the heat, starts noticing spasms and soreness in his abdominal muscles. This is likely a sign of:

28) At what body temperature is heat stroke suspected?

29) What is the recommended action if a tick’s mouthparts remain in the skin?

30) Sparklers can burn at temperatures of about how many degrees Fahrenheit?

31) What should you do first if someone is bitten by a snake?

32) What should you do first after a suspected spider bite?

33) Which of these is a sign that someone may be drowning?

34) What internal temperature should all poultry, including ground chicken and turkey, be cooked to?

35) Which of the following groups is NOT considered at high risk for serious food poisoning?

36) Why does extreme heat put additional stress on the heart?

37) Where should you keep the bitten area of a snake bite in relation to the heart?

38) A bite from a brown recluse spider may cause: